Gold

__Gold__ media type="custom" key="11489182"
 *  **Symbol** : Au
 *  **Atomic #** : 79
 *  **Atomic mass** : 196.96655
 *  **Density** : 19.3g/cm3
 *  **State of r.t.p boling point** : 2856.85ºC / **melting point** : 1067.18ºC
 *  **Appearance** :soft, yellow metal with a lustrous sheen
 *  **Group** : transition metals
 *  **Where do we get the pure element from** : underground and in rivers
 *  **Isotopes** : 35
 *  **Common compounds** : Au2O3, AuCl2 , [AuCl3]2
 *  **How reactive is it** : not reactive

** Historical Uses **
We can trace the usage of gold all the way back to 6,200 years ago. Egyptians used gold in their tombs, and have been found in many artifacts. Gold is also mentioned alot in the Bible mostly in the Old Testament. === ===

Medical Uses
<span style="color: #5da8f8; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Gold can be used as a drug to cure illness such as rheumatoid arthritis and Lagophthalmos. Radioactive gold isotope particles are implanted in tissues that serve as treatment in some certain cancers. Radioactive gold is aslo found many surgical instruments.

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Dentistry
<span style="color: #5da8f8; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Gold alloys are used for crowns, fillings, bridges, and orthopedic appliances. Since, gold is inert, easy for dentist to work with, and nonallergenic it is ideal for dentistry. As early as 700 BC the ancient people have been using gold in dentistry.

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Technology
<span style="color: #5da8f8; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Gold is a perfect element in the manufacture of electronics due to its very low voltages and currents which are easily interrupted by corrosion or tarnish at the contact points. Conductors are needed in the transmission of digital information. This is way high quality and reliable performance computers and laptops cost more

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Glass
<span style="color: #5da8f8; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Gold is used in glass to give it a rich ruby color. Gold is also used when making glass for climate controlled buildings and cases. By putting a small coating of gold on the glass this will reflect the solar reflection outward; this will help keep the building cool in the summer and hot in the winter.

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Space
<span style="color: #5da8f8; font-family: verdana,geneva,sans-serif;">An astronaut helmet contains glass, this glass is coated with a thin layer of gold. By containing gold it keeps out the solar radiation from space and keeps the glare out form the astronaut's eyes. Many parts of space vehicles are fitted with gold-coated polyester films, this helps keep the infrared and help stabilize the spacecraft's temperature. Gold is also used a lot in the circuitry because it is a dependable conductor and connector. Gold is also used as a lubricant between mechanical parts.

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Jewelry
<span style="color: #5da8f8; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Gold is used in jewelry because it is very easy to work within its original element. It is also has a desirable yellow color, the ability to be drawn into wires, very high luster, can be hammered into sheets or cast into shapes, and its tarnish resistance. About 78‰ of the gold that is mined each year is used in the manufacturing of gold. Over the years jewelers have learned that by alloying gold with metals such as silver, copper, and platinum would increase its durability. This was learned because gold in its purest form is to soft and cannot hold up to the stresses it would be applied to. However, by using an alloy of gold mixed with other metals instead of pure gold it lowers the price. The price of an alloy of gold has a lower value of unit per weight then pure gold. This then caused the standard weight we use today 'karats'. This measures the amount of gold found in the alloys. Pure gold is marked as 24K (__K__arats). However if a piece of alloy only contains 50‰ gold by weight is known by 12K gold (12/24th). To tell the difference high karat jewelry is softer and more resistant to tarnish. Low karat jewelry is stronger and less resistant to tarnish. Gold colors are made with the amount of extra metals added to the ‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍alloys. ‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍‍ <span style="color: #5da8f8; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">There are many different types of color of gold such as green, pink, white, yellow, blue, and black. However many people may confuse white gold with platinum. The difference in white gold and platinum is in its hardness. If the white gold has a higher karat then it is harder and has more shine then platinum. The color is also different. White gold is whiter, while platnium is more of a grey white. White gold that is mixed well will be white put if not mixed well will be a light yellowish almost. Another possibility is adding a rhodium coat over the white gold to give it an even whiter color and hardness, this would be better to apply to a lower karat of white gold.
 * < White Gold ||< Yellow Gold ||< Pink Gold ||< Black Gold ||
 * < Gold - 75 ||< Gold - 75 ||< Gold - 75 ||< Gold - 75 ||
 * < Silver - 4 ||< Silver -16 ||< Silver - 10 ||< Silver - 0 ||
 * < Copper - 4 ||< Copper - 9 ||< Copper - 90 ||< Copper - 0 ||
 * < Palladium - 17 ||< Palladium - 0 ||< Palladium -0 ||< Palladium - 0 ||
 * < Iron - 0 ||< Iron- 0 ||< Iron -0 ||< Iron - 15 - 20 ||
 * [[image:http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRd4sA4MT87U8-j3DIKjl3GsDiK5vNBCRBjecUeRF5tdQlkAo0i width="63" height="80" align="left" caption="White gold" link="http://dealpriceusa.com/"]] || [[image:http://t3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRB5RhjWJhAbMo6nS1d-_002mVm9e6QK05rSQskfuGxJQrMrrFOaA width="71" height="75" align="left" caption="Yelllow gold" link="http://mdcdiamonds.com/"]] || [[image:http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQCgL4JLw2V6lQfjcRFNtfXMyyzymDHeJidLLO36egaI4hGln3PnCP-zZGpLg width="82" height="78" align="left" caption="Pink gold" link="http://mdcdiamonds.com/"]] || [[image:http://t3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRKheVgRl0fJShJ75WmUH7NYewteQYA_x5vdNRHdde7ISMOGMMHMQTWA-44-w width="73" height="72" align="left" caption="Black gold" link="http://kaboodle.com/"]] ||


 * = Karat ||= Percent of Gold ||
 * = 10 ||= 41.7 ||
 * = 12 ||= 50 ||
 * = 14 ||= 58.3 ||
 * = 18 ||= 75 ||
 * = 24 ||= 100 ||

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Finance
<span style="color: #5da8f8; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Gold has been used as a source of money for a long time because of its value and limited quantity. The earliest transaction was 6000 years ago, using gold pieces! The Unites States and other nations used gold as a backup for their paper money. <span style="color: #5da8f8; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">The U.S. used a "gold standard" it had a stockpile of gold for every dollar in circulation. By using this standard any person could go to the bank and exchange paper money for gold. Most of the gold held as finical backing for currency was in gold bars or gold bullion. By using gold bars it kept manufacture costs to a low and allowed convenient handling and storage. Even though other nations and the U.S. do not use the gold standard anymore some individuals, government, and institutinns hold investments of gold in the convenient from a bullion. <span style="color: #5da8f8; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">The first coins were in 560 B.C ordered by King Coreus of Lydia, and these coins were used as transactions till the 1900s when the paper money became more popular. Gold coins had two types of units, such as units of currency (Ex. dollars) and standard weights (Ex. ounces, grams). Many people now collect these coins that are not used anymore.

**Symbols/Awards**
<span style="color: #5da8f8; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">There are many symbols associated with gold. One is crowns, kings and queens wear crowns of gold because gold is associated with high status and quality. <span style="color: #5da8f8; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Religious symbols are also made with gold because gold and also be associated as pure and have positive qualities. Examples of some religious symbols containing gold would be crosses and communion wear. <span style="color: #5da8f8; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Gold is also seen in 1st place trophies and medals, such as in the Olympic Games, Academy Awards Oscar, and the Grammy Awards. <span style="color: #5da8f8; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">

<span style="color: #5da8f8; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**Fun Facts**

 * 1) On every continent of the earth, gold has been found.
 * 2) Since gold has a high valuable and rare most of the gold discovery in history is still in circulation today.
 * 3) It is believed 80% of gold has still not be found.
 * 4) One ounce of gold can be stretched over 50 miles! It can even be used as sewing thread.
 * 5) Gold is editable.
 * 6) The largest stockpile of gold is found in The Federal Reserve Bank in Of New York containing 25% of the world's gold.

= Videos =

media type="youtube" key="7dF0QTzcuac" height="315" width="560"

=<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">// Sources // =
 * <span style="color: #3200ff; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">[]
 * <span style="color: #3200ff; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">[]
 * <span style="color: #3200ff; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">[]
 * <span style="color: #3200ff; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">[]
 * <span style="color: #3200ff; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">[]
 * <span style="color: #3200ff; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">[]
 * <span style="color: #3200ff; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">[]
 * <span style="color: #3200ff; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">[]