Oxygen

**__Oxygen__** **__Symbol-- O__**

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**__ Key Facts __ **

**Atomic #** -- 8

**Atomic mass**-- 15.9994 (about 16)

**Density**-- 1.429 g/l (grams per liter)

**State at room temperature**-- gas

**Appearance at room temperature**-- colorless gas

**Appearance at liquid state**-- light blue liquid

**Melting Point**-- (-)218.3 degrees celcius

**Boiling Point**-- (-)182.9 degrees celcius

**Group #** -- 16

**Period #** -- 2

**Isolation or Extraction**-- We get oxygen from the air

**Isotopes**-- O-12, O-13, O-14, O-15, O-16, O-17, O-18, O-19, O-20, O-21, O-22, O-23, O-24, O-25, O-26, O-27, and O-28

**Stable Isotopes**-- O-16, O-17, O-18

<span style="background-color: #96cdcd; color: black; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">**Common compounds**--

__**<span style="background-color: #96cdcd; color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Name **__ __**<span style="background-color: #96cdcd; color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Formula **__ <span style="background-color: #96cdcd; color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Ammonium Nitrate NH-4-N**O**-3

<span style="background-color: #96cdcd; color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Carbon Dioxide C**O**-2

<span style="background-color: #96cdcd; color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Calcium Carbonate CaC**O**-3

<span style="background-color: #96cdcd; color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">(and many more)

<span style="background-color: #96cdcd; color: black; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">**How reactive is it?** -- very reactive

<span style="background-color: #96cdcd; color: black; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">**Classification**-- nonmetal

<span style="background-color: #96cdcd; color: black; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">**Group**- Chalcogen

<span style="background-color: #96cdcd; color: black; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">**Valence electrons**-- 6



<span style="background-color: #96cdcd; color: black; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 250%;">__**History**__ <span style="background-color: #000000; color: #ffffff; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Oxygen was discovered in the years 1774 and 1775. Two chemists from Sweden and England both claimed the discovery. Carl Wilhelm Scheele was the first to discover oxygen in 1774. He was a Swedish chemist but he is not given credit for naming oxygen or classifying it as an element however. An English chemist named Joseph Priestly discovered oxygen in the year 1775. He thought that he was the first to discover the element (which was not yet classified as an element. Priestly is most commonly given credit for the discovery because he was the first to release his findings to the public. A third chemist from France named Antoine Lavoisier gave oxygen it's name and classified it as an element in the year 1775.



__**<span style="background-color: #96cdcd; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 250%;">Oxygen in the Air **__
 * <span style="background-color: #96cdcd; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Makes up 21% of the Earth's atmosphere
 * <span style="background-color: #96cdcd; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Oxygen as a gas is flammable and very reactive
 * <span style="background-color: #96cdcd; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Necessary for life on Earth
 * <span style="background-color: #96cdcd; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">We get oxygen from the air
 * <span style="background-color: #96cdcd; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">As a gas in the air

<span style="background-color: #96cdcd; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 250%;">**__Uses__**
 * <span style="background-color: #96cdcd; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Breathing (Most living things)
 * <span style="background-color: #96cdcd; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Used to save the lives of those who cannot breathe on their own
 * <span style="background-color: #96cdcd; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Used in rocket fuel
 * <span style="background-color: #96cdcd; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Burns off unwanted impurities such as to much carbon in the making of steel


 * <span style="background-color: #96cdcd; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 250%;">__Fun Facts__ **


 * <span style="background-color: #96cdcd; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Makes up two-thirds of the human body
 * <span style="background-color: #96cdcd; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Makes up about nine-tenths of water
 * <span style="background-color: #96cdcd; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Oxygen bars are places where people can inhale pure oxygen
 * <span style="background-color: #96cdcd; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">An average person can only live for a few minutes without oxygen
 * <span style="background-color: #96cdcd; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Fish breathe oxygen through water
 * <span style="background-color: #96cdcd; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Oxygen tanks are used in Scuba Diving

<span style="background-color: #000000; color: #ffffff; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Oxygen bars are places where people can go and literally inhale oxygen. It's as if you were on an oxygen tank with the nose piece, but it is for pleasure. Some of the oxygen even comes in different flavors. There are many different reasons to go to an oxygen bar including;
 * <span style="background-color: #000000; color: #ffffff; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Some people think it makes them look better
 * <span style="background-color: #000000; color: #ffffff; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Some say they feel beter and more alive
 * <span style="background-color: #000000; color: #ffffff; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Some say it can help cure certain diseases or at least weaken them
 * <span style="background-color: #000000; color: #ffffff; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Some just enjoys it and like the pure oxygen

<span style="background-color: #000000; color: #ffffff; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">There are also portable sizes of the oxygen

<span style="background-color: #96cdcd; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 250%;">__**Dangers of Oxygen**__
 * <span style="background-color: #96cdcd; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Risk of fire
 * <span style="background-color: #96cdcd; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Risk of explosion
 * <span style="background-color: #96cdcd; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Serious burns or death from fires started with oxygen

<span style="background-color: #96cdcd; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">Aside from our dependence on oxygen, there are some dangers about the element also. If, for example, a person was on an oxygen tank, or near an oxygen source, they would need to be extremely careful around smoke such as from a cigarette. An oxygen tank contains pure oxygen which is more than in our atmosphere. Earth's atmosphere contains approximately 21% of oxygen. Fires are less commomly started from oxygen without a pure source. If a cigarette was lying around and was not completely burned out it could ignite again around pure oxygen. That is why it is extremely dangerous for a patient using extra oxygen to be smoking. Take serious precautions when using oxygen.

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